SECBlock-IIoT : A Secure Blockchain-enabled Edge Computing Framework for Industrial Internet of Things

This work was supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by Korean Government (MSIT) (No. 2021R1A2C2014333).Postprin

Blockchain-Based Transaction Validation Protocol for a Secure Distributed IoT Network

Funding Agency: 10.13039/501100010418-Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion (IITP), Ministry of Science and ICT (MSIT); 10.13039/501100003621-Korea Government;Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Keyphrases Frequency Analysis from Research Articles: A Region-Based Unsupervised Novel Approach

Due to the advancement of technology and the exponential proliferation of digital sources and textual data, the extraction of high-quality keyphrases and the summarizing of content at a high standard has become increasingly difficult in current research. Extracting high-quality keyphrases and summing texts at a high level demands the use of keyphrase frequency as a feature for keyword extraction, which is becoming more popular. This article proposed a novel unsupervised keyphrase frequency analysis (KFA) technique for feature extraction of keyphrases that is corpus-independent, domain-independent, language-agnostic, and length-free documents, and can be used by supervised and unsupervised algorithms. This proposed technique has five essential phases: data acquisition; data pre-processing; statistical methodologies; curve plotting analysis; and curve fitting technique. First, the technique begins by collecting five different datasets from various sources and then feeding those datasets into the data pre-processing phase using text pre-processing techniques. The preprocessed data is then transmitted to the region-based statistical process, followed by the curve plotting phase, and finally, the curve fitting approach. Afterward, the proposed technique is tested and assessed using five (5) standard datasets. Then, the proposed technique is compared with our recommended systems to prove its efficacy, benefits, and significance. Finally, the experimental findings indicate that the proposed technique effectively analyses the keyphrase frequency from articles and delivers the keyphrase frequency of 70.63% in 1st region and 10.74% in 2nd region of the total present keyphrase frequency

A New Unsupervised Technique to Analyze the Centroid and Frequency of Keyphrases from Academic Articles

Automated keyphrase extraction is crucial for extracting and summarizing relevant information from a variety of publications in multiple domains. However, the extraction of good-quality keyphrases and the summarising of information to a good standard have become extremely challenging in recent research because of the advancement of technology and the exponential development of digital sources and textual information. Because of this, the usage of keyphrase features for keyphrase extraction techniques has recently gained tremendous popularity. This paper proposed a new unsupervised region-based keyphrase centroid and frequency analysis technique, named the KCFA technique, for keyphrase extraction as a feature. Data/datasets collection, data pre-processing, statistical methodologies, curve plotting analysis, and curve fitting technique are the five main processes in the proposed technique. To begin, the technique collects multiple datasets from diverse sources, which are then input into the data pre-processing step by utilizing some text pre-processing processes. Afterward, the region-based statistical methodologies receive the pre-processed data, followed by the curve plotting examination and, lastly, the curve fitting technique. The proposed technique is then tested and evaluated using ten (10) best-accessible benchmark datasets from various disciplines. The proposed approach is then compared to our available methods to demonstrate its efficacy, advantages, and importance. Lastly, the results of the experiment show that the proposed method works well to analyze the centroid and frequency of keyphrases from academic articles. It provides a centroid of 706.66 and a frequency of 38.95% in the first region, 2454.21 and 7.98% in the second region, for a total frequency of 68.11

Identification of Novel Reference Genes Using Multiplatform Expression Data and Their Validation for Quantitative Gene Expression Analysis

Normalization of mRNA levels using endogenous reference genes (ERGs) is critical for an accurate comparison of gene expression between different samples. Despite the popularity of traditional ERGs (tERGs) such as GAPDH and ACTB, their expression variability in different tissues or disease status has been reported. Here, we first selected candidate housekeeping genes (HKGs) using human gene expression data from different platforms including EST, SAGE, and microarray, and 13 novel ERGs (nERGs) (ARL8B, CTBP1, CUL1, DIMT1L, FBXW2, GPBP1, LUC7L2, OAZ1, PAPOLA, SPG21, TRIM27, UBQLN1, ZNF207) were further identified from these HKGs. The mean coefficient variation (CV) values of nERGs were significantly lower than those of tERGs and the expression level of most nERGs was relatively lower than high expressing tERGs in all dataset. The higher expression stability and lower expression levels of most nERGs were validated in 108 human samples including formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues, frozen tissues and cell lines, through quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). Furthermore, the optimal number of nERGs required for accurate normalization was as few as two, while four genes were required when using tERGs in FFPE tissues. Most nERGs identified in this study should be better reference genes than tERGs, based on their higher expression stability and fewer numbers needed for normalization when multiple ERGs are required

Bojungikgitang and banhabaekchulchonmatang in adult patients with tinnitus, a randomized, double-blind, three-arm, placebo-controlled trial - study protocol

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Tinnitus is the perception of hearing a sound for which there is no external acoustic source. It is often associated with sudden, temporary hearing loss and has a clear impact on a patient's quality of life. Despite numerous trials, there are no treatments that can be considered well established in terms of providing replicable long-term tinnitus reduction. Complementary and alternative medical approaches have been employed to relieve symptoms of tinnitus. Bojungikgitang and banhabaekchulchonmatang are among the most strongly preferred and widely used herbal medicines for tinnitus in Korea, as they cause very few serious adverse effects.</p> <p>We aim to establish basic clinical efficacy and safety data for bojungikgitang and banhabaekchulchonmatang, which are approved as herbal medications by the Korea Food and Drug Administration in adult patients with tinnitus.</p> <p>Methods/Design</p> <p>This study was a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with three parallel arms (bojungikgitang, banhabaekchulchonmatang, and a placebo). Participants included in the study met the following criteria: typical conditions of intermittent or continuous tinnitus, for more than three months, with involuntary perceptions of the concept of a sound in the absence of an external source. Participants received bojungikgitang, banhabaekchulchonmatang, or a placebo-drug for eight weeks. The total duration of each arm was eleven weeks. Each participant was examined for signs and symptoms of tinnitus before and after taking medication. Post-treatment follow-up was performed two weeks after the final administration of medication.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>This trial provided evidence for the efficacy and safety of bojungikgitang and banhabaekchulchonmatang in adult patients with tinnitus. The primary outcome measure was the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory, an assessment used to identify difficulties that may be experienced due to tinnitus. The secondary measures were included an Acoustic Examination and the Visual Analogue Scale. We employed the Euro-Qol 5-Dimension and the Health Utilities Index Mark 3, a health-related quality of life questionnaire. Safety was assessed by complete blood cell count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, blood chemistry, urine analysis, PA chest film, brain computed tomography, otologic examination, and vital signs.</p> <p>Trial registration</p> <p>Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN23691284</p

Immunohistochemical identification and quantitative analysis of cytoplasmic Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase in mouse organogenesis

Cytoplasmic Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is an antioxidant enzyme that converts superoxide to hydrogen peroxide in cells. Its spatial distribution matches that of superoxide production, allowing it to protect cells from oxidative stress. SOD1 deficiencies result in embryonic lethality and a wide range of pathologies in mice, but little is known about normal SOD1 protein expression in developing embryos. In this study, the expression pattern of SOD1 was investigated in post-implantation mouse embryos and extraembryonic tissues, including placenta, using Western blotting and immunohistochemical analyses. SOD1 was detected in embryos and extraembryonic tissues from embryonic day (ED) 8.5 to 18.5. The signal in embryos was observed at the lowest level on ED 9.5-11.5, and the highest level on ED 17.5-18.5, while levels remained constant in the surrounding extraembryonic tissues during all developmental stages examined. Immunohistochemical analysis of SOD1 expression on ED 13.5-18.5 revealed its ubiquitous distribution throughout developing organs. In particular, high levels of SOD1 expression were observed in the ependymal epithelium of the choroid plexus, ganglia, sensory cells of the olfactory and vestibulocochlear epithelia, blood cells and vessels, hepatocytes and hematopoietic cells of the liver, lymph nodes, osteogenic tissues, and skin. Thus, SOD1 is highly expressed at late stages of embryonic development in a cell- and tissue-specific manner, and can function as an important antioxidant enzyme during organogenesis in mouse embryos

Epidemiology of childhood Guillan-Barre syndrome in the north west of Iran

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background and aims</p> <p>This study was carried out to investigate the incidence, annual time trend and some epidemiological and clinical features of Guillain-Barre syndrome in children in the north west of Iran.</p> <p>Materials and methods</p> <p>In this population-based cross sectional research, epidemiological and clinical features of 143 cases with Guillain-Barre syndrome between 2001 and 2006 were studied. The setting of the study was Tabriz Children Medical Centre, the major University-Hospital located in Tabriz city of the East Azarbaijan province covering whole region. Data collected included age, gender, chronological information, preceding events, functional grade of motor deficit.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The mean age (standard deviation) of subjects was 5.4 (3.6) years. The male/female ratio was 1.3. The average annual incidence rate was 2.27 per 100 000 population of 15 years children (CI95%: 1.9–2.6). The majority of cases occurred in March, July and November and the highest proportion of the syndrome was observed in winter (29 percent, P > 0.10).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The results indicated that an unexpected high incidence of Guillain-Barre syndrome has occurred in 2003 in the region. We concluded that a monitoring and surveillance system for Guillain-Barre syndrome is essential to set up in this region.</p

The phases of deuterium at extreme densities

We consider deuterium compressed to higher than atomic, but lower than nuclear densities. At such densities deuterium is a superconducting quantum liquid. Generically, two superconducting phases compete, a "ferromagnetic" and a "nematic" one. We provide a power counting argument suggesting that the dominant interactions in the deuteron liquid are perturbative (but screened) Coulomb interactions. At very high densities the ground state is determined by very small nuclear interaction effects that probably favor the ferromagnetic phase. At lower densities the symmetry of the theory is effectively enhanced to SU(3), and the quantum liquid enters a novel phase, neither ferromagnetic nor nematic. Our results can serve as a starting point for investigations of the phase dynamics of deuteron liquids, as well as exploration of the stability and dynamics of the rich variety of topological objects that may occur in phases of the deuteron quantum liquid, which range from Alice strings to spin skyrmions to Z_2 vortices.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures; v2: fixed typo